NEW YORK (Reuters Health) – Men with germline mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are at increased cancer risk and may benefit from wider screening than is currently done, according to Israeli researchers.
As Dr. David Margel of Rabin Medical Center, Petach Tikva, told Reuters Health by email, “BRCA gene mutations are known to cause breast and ovarian cancers among women. Male carriers are largely ignored.”
Dr. Margel said he and his colleagues “opened a unique clinic for male BRCA carriers and developed a screening protocol. We found that male BRCA carriers are at higher risk for prostate, melanoma, breast and pancreatic cancers.”
Over a three-year period, the team screened 117 BRCA1 and 79 BRCA2 carriers (median age, 47) years for prostate, breast, colorectal, pancreatic and skin malignant abnormalities.
They diagnosed 34 patients (17%) with 46 malignant abnormalities. Of these, 13 (28%) were identified during screening, the researchers report in JAMA Oncology, online April 12.
Seven patients had multiple malignant abnormalities. There were nine malignant abnormalities of the prostate, two of the pancreas and two of the skin. All of the newly found malignancies, say the researchers, were “found at early stage and amenable to curative treatment.”
According to Dr. Margel and his colleagues, their patients had a significant increase in overall incidence of malignant disease compared with the Jewish-Israeli male population. The mutations were associated with an elevated incidence of prostate, melanoma, pancreas and breast cancers, but not colon cancer.
“Screening for these cancers may help discover them at an early curable stage,” Dr. Margel concluded.
However, he and his colleagues concede that there was no control group and that “long-term studies are needed to determine the effect of screening on mortality.”
SOURCE: https://bit.ly/2HNea3e
JAMA Oncol 2018.
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