Don’t Use Tramadol and Codeine in Kids Under 12, FDA Warns
Earlier this year, the US Food and Drug Administration warned that children younger than 12 years should not take tramadol (multiple brands) or codeine. Tramadol is indicated for pain, whereas codeine is for both pain and cough.
Montelukast Tied to Psychiatric Adverse Events in Kids, Adults
Montelukast (Singulair, Merck) is used in maintenance therapy for adults and children with asthma and allergic rhinitis. In the first study to analyze reports of adverse reactions to the drug, investigators identified psychiatric events in children and adults.
Marijuana Not Benign: Warn Teens, Parents, AAP Says
As the legal status of marijuana evolves, pediatricians should counsel teenagers and their parents about its potential for harm, according to the authors of a clinical report from the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Inappropriate Antibiotic Use for Pneumonia Common
Incorrect use of broad-spectrum antibiotics to treat children with pneumonia remains common, despite guidelines recommending more targeted treatment, two studies published earlier this year confirmed. In one study of more than 10,000 children, 40.7% received amoxicillin, as appropriate, but 42.5% received macrolides and 16.8% received other broad-spectrum antibiotics.
New Child Vaccine Schedule Alters Tdap Timing, Cuts HPV Doses
This year’s updated schedule for child and adolescent immunizations has several key recommended changes, including a reduction in the number of doses for the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine for some children.
Previous recommendations advised that 11- and 12-year-old children receive three doses of the HPV vaccine. Now data are sufficient to recommend that children 9 to 14 years of age receive two doses, with no effect on the protective response.
AAP Recommends Newborn Hepatitis B Vaccine by 24 Hours of Age
New recommendations from the American Academy of Pediatrics state that medically stable newborns weighing at least 2000 g should receive their first dose of the hepatitis B vaccine within the first 24 hours of life.
Skip Pulse Oximetry in Bronchiolitis, Experts Say
Healthcare providers should avoid pulse oximetry in young children with bronchiolitis, according to a research analysis published earlier this year in the BMJ. Pulse oximetry has been hailed as a major and significant advance in medicine; however, its increasing and widespread use in stable infants and young children with bronchiolitis, a self-limited disease with a generally benign course, has led to the technology-driven overdiagnosis of hypoxemia.
The American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation recognizes this problem in its Choosing Wisely campaign, which is aimed at decreasing the overuse of unnecessary medical practices. In 2013, the Society of Hospital Medicine published a list of five tests and treatments to avoid in hospitalized children as part of that effort. That list includes the avoidance of continuous pulse oximetry in children admitted for respiratory illness who are not receiving supplemental oxygen. Updated American Academy of Pediatrics clinical practice guidelines also advise against the use of continuous pulse oximetry in children with bronchiolitis.
Simple Steps Reduce Pain During IV Placement in Children
Venipuncture and intravenous cannulation are significant sources of pain and stress for pediatric patients, and are often stressful for caregivers as well. In a study of quality-improvement methods, investigators were able to show an increase in the use of jet-injected lidocaine in pediatric emergency departments.
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